APPLICATIONS
End-point PCR

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End-point Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs)

A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a base pair substitution at a specific locus within a DNA sequence. SNPs are the simplest and most common type of genetic variation and are used to quickly and easily identify heritable differences among individual plants, animals, or humans within a population. Importantly, researchers are building an ever-increasing library of SNPs that are linked to agriculturally and medically important phenotypes including susceptibility to disease or environmental stress as well as response to medication or treatment regimens.

Applications for SNP Genotyping

Plant and Animal Marker-Assisted Breeding

Following Mendel’s rule of inheritance, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are evolutionarily conserved and therefore, are useful in plant and animal marker-assisted breeding programs. Using SNP genotyping, selective breeding is accelerated by allowing traits to be identified and selected prior to growing the organism to maturity – saving time and money. Large-scale quality control testing also benefits from SNP genotyping, using these simple markers as a “genetic fingerprint” to trace samples as well as estimate the purity of a population.

Human Genetics

SNPs are used in large scale epidemiological studies to identify specific variations in genes that influence susceptibility to disease and response to medication or treatment. Once identified, SNPs may be used to diagnose individuals carrying the gene of interest, which provides critical information necessary to personalize medical care. Human identity testing also may be achieved using the “genetic fingerprint” provided by SNP genotyping.

Cost Effective Benefits of SNP Genotyping

Array Tape® provides a cost-effective solution for studies designed to identify a moderate number of SNPs in larger population sizes.

Setup
Typical Process
Step 1: Dispense 8 microliters a single 384- microplate at a time
Step 2: Seal the microplate
Step 3: Stack the microplates
Douglas Scientific Process
Step 1: The Nexar dispenses 800 nL sample and 800 nL reagent in the equivalent of 200 plates in a continuous strip of Array Tape, seals it, and winds the samples on a dunker reel
Thermal Cycling Process
Typical Process
Run microplates through water bath PCR 16 or 32 at a time
Douglas Scientific Process
Entire reel of Array Tape is loaded into the Soellex water bath with shorter cycle time
Dry
Typical Process
Dry Microplate
Douglas Scientific Process
Dry reel of Array Tape (optional on a custom centrifuge)
Scan
Typical Process
Scan Microplate (~ 1.5 – 2.5 minutes)
Douglas Scientific Process
The Araya scans the entire reel at a rate of 28 seconds per 384-well array
Plates per day:
Typical Process
150 microplates (384 wells)
Douglas Scientific Process
400 arrays (384 wells)
Data points per day:
Typical Process
57,600
Douglas Scientific Process
153,600
Lab processing time
Typical Process
10 hours
Douglas Scientific Process
8 hours

High Throughput

Streamline Workflow: Inline liquid handling (Nexar) and fluorescence scanning (Araya) continuously process reaction wells without the need for robotic or manual handling of microtiter plates.

Batch Thermocycling: Up to three reels of Array Tape, 600 microplate equivalents, may be processed simultaneously in our Soellex water bath.

Application Flexibility

Modular Nexar and Araya Instruments: Customized liquid handling and scanning processes may be achieved for multiple SNP assay technologies.

Scalability: As new modules and attachments are developed, the Platform can be expanded or upgraded to support new applications, increase throughput, reduce cost, etc. The modular design will extend the useful life of the Platform by years.

Cost Effective

Miniaturized Reaction Volumes: Reduce reagent and sample consumption up to 80-90% in miniaturized reaction wells – 800 nL or less in Array Tape vs. 5 µL or more in microplates.

Less Labor: Highly automated, easy to use design eliminates labor associated with manually moving microplates.

Review our collection of Published Papers.